J glossary entries

The J-integral is a fracture mechanics parameter representing the energy release rate associated with crack extension, including elastic-plastic crack-tip behaviour.

Jacking force is the force delivered by a jack or stressing device to move, lift, push, align, or preload an engineering element.

The Jacobian matrix contains all first-order partial derivatives of a vector-valued function with respect to its input variables.

Jerk is the time derivative of acceleration, indicating how abruptly acceleration changes.

The jet engine cycle is the gas-turbine thermodynamic process by which air is compressed, heated by combustion, expanded through turbine and nozzle stages, and accelerated to produce thrust.

A JFET is a field-effect transistor in which a reverse-biased p-n junction gate controls current through a semiconductor channel.

Jitter is short-term deviation in the timing of signal transitions, samples, packets, or clock events from their ideal time positions.

Joule heating is the conversion of electrical energy into heat as current flows through a material with electrical resistance.

Joule law states that heat generated by a current in a resistance is proportional to the square of current, resistance, and time.

A junction diode is a two-terminal semiconductor device based on a p-n junction that allows current to flow much more easily in one direction than the other.

Junction temperature is the temperature of the active semiconductor region inside a device, such as the p-n junction or transistor channel.